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Raimondo Capizucchi (born as Camillo Biagio; Rome, 7 November 1616 - Rome, 20 April 1691) was a Roman nobleman, Dominican friar, appointed a cardinal by Pope Innocent XI. ==Biography== Camillo Biagio Capizucchi (or Cappisucchi) was born in Rome in 1616.〔Nitti (1975)〕 Being one of the nine children (three boys and six girls, all of these later nuns) of marquess Paolo Capizucchi and Ortensia Marescotti, he was a scion of the noble Capizucchi family, one of the oldest families of the Roman nobility.〔 After starting his studies at the Collegio Romano, on 8 June 1630 he entered the Dominican Order in the convent of Santa Maria sopra Minerva, changing his first name in Raimondo when he was ordained priest. One year later he took the votes.〔 In 1644 he became doctor of Theology, and was nominate coadjutor of Vincenzo Candido, Master of the Sacred Apostolic Palace (that is, leading Theologian of the Holy See) and former prior of his monastery.〔 As a student, he was chosen to held the yearly panegyric (''Encomium of St. Thomas Aquinas'') in front of the College of Cardinals in the Church of Santa Maria sopra Minerva, a very old tradition of Angelicum University which still take place each 7th of March, the old feast of the Saint.〔 Under the pontificates of Alexander VII (r. 1655-67) and Clement IX (r. 1667-69), he held various positions in the Roman Curia: in 1650 he was appointed secretary of the Sacred Congregation of the Index, in December 1651 he became examiner of the candidate bishops, and from November 1654, after the death of Candido, he was Master of the Sacred Apostolic Palace.〔 In 1663 Capizucchi was sacked from the latter position by Alexander VII, because he had allowed a publication critical of the pope.〔 Afterwards, he secluded himself for the next 10 years in his monastery, writing books on theological issues, until in 1673 he was reinstated in his former position with a papal bull by pope Clement X (r. 1670-76).〔 The same pope appointed him member with voting rights of the Congregations of the Holy Office, of the Rites, of the Indulgences, of the Index and for bishops.〔 As leading theologian of the church, in those years Capizucchi exercised a deep influence over Catholic theological positions, for example allowing the publication of the ''Exposition de la doctrine de l'église catholique sur les matières de controverse'' by Bossuet.〔 Following the position of pope Innocent XI (r. 1676-89) he condemned probabilism, but at first he was fascinated by quietism as preached in Rome by the Spanish mystic Miguel de Molinos: in 1675 Capizucchi approved the publishing of de Molinos main work, the ''Spiritual Guide'' but, after his arrest in 1685, as cardinal Inquisitor he stuck to the harsh line of the pope against this doctrine and the Aragonese preacher, who died in 1696 in the prison of the Holy Office.〔 Pope Innocent XI elevated him to the rank of cardinal in the consistory of 1 September 1681 with the title of cardinal priest of Santo Stefano al Monte Celio; six years later he opted for the title of Santa Maria degli Angeli.〔 Capizucchi participated in the conclave of 1689 and was among those considered eligible candidates.〔 He did not participate in the conclave of 1691, because he was already seriously ill.〔 He died on 20 April 1691 at the age of 75, before the end of the conclave.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Raimondo Capizucchi」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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